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Singapore is a republic with a parliamentary system of government based on universal adults suffrage. Voting is compulsory for all citizens above the age of 21. The head of state is the president, who is elected by the people every six years, and who is selects his cabinet on the advice of the prime minister. The administration of the prime minister, who is appointed by the president.
The unicameral parliament consist of 81 members elected by secret ballot in single member constituencies and group representative constituencies (GRCs), each electing four members of a single party, of which one must come from an ethnic minority community. The parliament serves a minimum of five years. Since March 1990, the president has been able to appoint up to six people who are not members of the ruling party as nominated members (NMPs) to provide for a wider representation of views in parliament. In addition, four non-constituency members, are elected to represent opposition political parties. The people's Action Party (PAP) has been in power since 1959, when Lee Kuan Yew became the country's first prime minister.
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