Theravada Buddhism is the professed religion of more than 90% of all Thais, and casys strong influences on daily life. Buddhism has been Thailand's national religion throughout its history. The Buddha, the 'Enlightened One', the title of a historical person, Siddhartha Gautama who was born around 560 B.C. near the present day Lumbini in Southern Nepal and spent his long life teaching the Buddhism.

Buddhism first appeared in Thailand during the 3rd Century B.C. at Nakhon Pathom, site of the world's tallest Buddhist monument, after the Indian Buddhist Emperor Asoka (267-227 B.C.) despatched missionaries to Southeast Asia to propagate the newly established faith.

Besides moulding morality, providing social cohension and offering spiritual succour, Buddhism provided incomparable artistic impetus. In common with medieval European cathedrals, Thailand's innumerable multiroofed temples inspired major artistic creation.

Another reason for Buddhism's strength is that there are few Thai Buddhist families in which at least one male member has not studied the Buddha's teachings in a monastery. It has long been a custom for Buddhist males over twenty, once in their lifetimes, to be ordained for a period ranging from 5 days to 3 months. This usually occurs during the annual Rains Retreat, a 3-month period during the Rains Season when all monks forego travel and stay inside their monasteries.

Besides sustaining monastic communities, Thai temples have traditionally served other purposes - as the village hostelry, village news, employment and information agency, a school, hospital, dispensary and community centre - to give them vital roles in Thai society.

The Thais have always subscribed to the ideal of religious freedom. Thus sizeable minorities of Muslims, Christians, Hindus and Sikhs freely pursue their respective faiths.